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How do you best express conditionality?

What’s the best way to express conditionality in Mandarin? Is there a difference in usage or connotation between ru2guo3 and yao4shi4, both of which are usually translated “if”? Is there a Mandarin equivalent of the subjunctive? Does Mandarin distinguish between what we in English call the first, second and third conditionals?

You might find this blog useful as well as this Qing Wen from Chinese on using ruguo…de hua sentences.

https://chinesepod.com/lessons/two-iffy-words

http://www.mmmandarin.com/blog/conjunction-如果-ru2guo3-and-conditional-clauses-chinese

Xie4xie! Ji4 hen3 shi2yong4 you4 hen3 kaui4.